Linear actuators are one of the most versatile and widely used types of actuators thanks to their simple design and relatively low cost. But while they may be straightforward to use, there are still a few things to keep in mind when controlling them for maximum efficiency.
Use a Controller
While linear actuators can be controlled directly from a power source, a controller will give you much more flexibility and will make it easy to fine-tune the actuator’s speed and position. Controllers also make it easy to reverse the direction of the actuator, which can be handy if you need to make adjustments mid-operation.
When using a controller, be sure to match it to the voltage and amperage of your actuator. For example, most linear actuators operate on 12 volts, but some higher-powered models may require 24 volts. You’ll also want to ensure the controller can handle the maximum current draw of the actuator, which is usually listed in the actuator’s specifications.
Choose the Right Power Source
An electrical linear actuator can be powered by various sources, including batteries, solar panels, and AC or DC power supplies. The type of power source you use can affect the control of the actuator, so it’s important to choose wisely.
For example, if you’re using a battery-powered actuator, you’ll need to take into account the battery’s voltage and capacity. A higher-voltage battery will provide more power to the actuator, but it will also discharge more quickly. On the other hand, a higher-capacity battery will provide power for a longer period of time, but it may not be able to supply the high currents required by some actuators.
Choose the Right Size
The size of the actuator will determine the maximum load it can handle and the amount of travel it is capable of. This affects how it can be controlled by the power source. For example, a larger actuator will require more power to operate and will have a greater range of motion than a smaller one.
For most applications, a standard-sized linear actuator will be more than sufficient. However, if you need an actuator that can handle hefty loads or has an exceptionally long stroke length, you may need to choose a larger unit.
Avoid Stalling
Stalling is one of the biggest enemies of linear actuators, as it can cause damage to the unit and reduce its overall lifespan. In addition, it can affect how you control the actuator by limiting the amount of torque it can produce.
You should avoid using an actuator at its maximum load for extended periods, as this can lead to stalling. If you need to use an actuator at or near its maximum load for an extended period, it’s best to choose a unit with a higher maximum load rating than you need.
Consider the Environment
When controlling a linear actuator, it’s essential to consider the environment in which it will be used. For example, if the actuator is exposed to extreme temperatures, moisture, or dust, you’ll need to control it accordingly to prevent damage.
For example, if you’re using an actuator in a high-temperature environment, you’ll need to make sure it doesn’t overheat. This can be accomplished by choosing an actuator with a lower maximum operating temperature or by using a cooling system, such as a fan or heatsink.
Consider the Speed Limits
Most linear actuators have speed limits that should not be exceeded. However, exceeding the speed limit can damage the unit and shorten its overall lifespan. When controlling, therefore, you should always take the speed limits into account.
For example, if you need to move a load quickly, you’ll need to choose an actuator with a high maximum speed. However, if you don’t need to move the load quickly, you can save money by choosing a unit with a lower maximum speed.
For most applications, a linear actuator with a top speed of around 10 inches per second will be more than sufficient. However, if you need an actuator that can move very quickly, you may need to choose a unit with a higher top speed.
The Bottom Line
When controlling a linear actuator, it is essential to choose the right power source and size for the application and avoid stalling. Additionally, the environment and speed limits should be considered when choosing an actuator. By following these tips, you can ensure that your linear actuator will operate safely and effectively.
